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<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1629925526243-9062fb828146?ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MXxzZWFyY2h8NHx8eWFob28lMjBtYWxheXNpYSUyMG5ld3MlMjBhbmQlMjBsaWZlc3R5bGV8ZW58MHx8fHwxNzU0MDY2MjYwfDA\u0026ixlib=rb-4.1.0"; style="max-width:400px;float:left;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;border:0px;" alt="Kuala Lumpur skyline" />Oral bacteria sounds like something your dentist would tell you off about.
Yet just like your gut and on your skin, your mouth is home to a vibrant — and important — community of bacteria and other microbes (known as the oral microbiota) that you actually want to encourage.
That's because they're vital not just for your dental health but for your digestion, overall health and disease risk.
So far scientists have identified around 700 different species of <a href="https://ajt-ventures.com/?s=oral%20microbes">oral microbes</a>. You probably have 250 to 300 of them resident in your mouth right now.
This community of microbes remains relatively stable, despite an influx of other microbes from food, drink, breathing, nail-biting — and kissing (but more on that later).
Oral bacteria sounds like something your dentist would tell you off about. Yet just like your gut and on your skin, your mouth is home to a vibrant — and important — community of bacteria and other microbes (known as the oral microbiota) that you actually want to encourage
For sure, some of these microbes are not so good — cavities are caused when ‘bad' bacteria in your mouth form a sticky layer (plaque) on your teeth; plaque loves sugar and produces acid, which then attacks tooth enamel. It's plaque we brush away to prevent decay.
Since the 1960s, dentists have thought the bacteria Streptococcus mutans was solely responsible for causing cavities.
Now we know it's more complicated than that and that good ‘oral' bacteria are key.
Researchers have found that some lucky people have an oral microbiota that reduces the acidity in the mouth — by digesting food components and producing acid neutralisers such as ammonia (which is definitely not like the stuff you clean with), preventing cavities.
The same study, published in 2012 by the Centre for Advanced Research in Public Health in Spain, showed that some of these people also had a species that can kill Streptococcus mutans.
Others had loads of Streptococcus salivarius, good bacteria that help prevent inflammation in the mouth, reducing your chances of problems such as gingivitis (a form of gum disease and a common cause of bleeding gums when you brush your teeth).
When it comes to getting rid of the bad bacteria, you don't need me to tell you about brushing your teeth etc — but the point is, this is not just about dental health.
For decades, scientists have known that gum disease is linked to heart disease — if you have gum <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/search?keywords=disease">disease</a>; you're two to three times more at risk of a serious cardiovascular event such as a heart attack, for instance, possibly because bacteria that cause gum disease, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, enter the bloodstream, raising levels of inflammation.
Since the 1960s, dentists have thought the bacteria Streptococcus mutans was solely responsible for causing cavities. Now we know it's more complicated than that and that good ‘oral' bacteria are key
Other conditions linked to inflammation such as metabolic syndrome (i.e., high blood sugar levels, high blood pressure and obesity), rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and even Alzheimer's are also linked to gum disease.
As well as helping ward off inflammation and killing bad bacteria, good oral bacteria are really important for digestion itself.
When you chew — and even before that, when your taste buds are aroused by the smell and look of food — your mouth secretes more saliva, which is filled with digestive enzymes that get to work right away, breaking down the food you eat.
But we don't have all the enzymes we need, so some of that work is outsourced to our microbes — starting with those in our mouths.
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